The Role Of Technology In Kurt Vonneguts Writing Essay Example For Students

The Role Of Technology In Kurt Vonneguts Writing Essay OutlineThesis: Technology is the villain in Kurt Vonneguts works because of his hatred of corporate insensitivity and his awareness of the destructive social impact of science and technology. I. Kurt Vonnegut has a great awareness of the destructive social impact of science and technology. A. Contraptions that Vonnegut calls social transplants replace contact with the awful real relatives and friends with synthetic ones. 1. Computers minimize human contact even better than TVs and CD players with headphones can. 2. Vonnegut voices his hate of the computer because it is a nervous system outside of our own. 3. The start of this was in the 4th century before Christ; audiences accepted people who memorized things to say on stage as genuine relatives. 4. Films and plays show us people talking much more entertainingly than really people talk and shows humans making sounds much lovelier than real humans make. 5. All of these have contributed to our lack of contact with our families and other humansB. We no longer have developed imaginations because of technological developments. 1. Parents and teachers must be present to help develop our imaginations. 2. Imagination was very important once because it served as our major source of entertainment. a. People used to be able to read a book and envision the story in their mind and that was entertainment. b. Now there are shows, actors, movies and television to show us the story. C. He believes the American dream has materialized into a junkyard by way of the glories of technology. 1. Technology and salesmanship have stripped and raped the land and divested the people of a sense of pride. 2. People are no longer the hard workers they used to be because machines do their job for them. 3. Many Americans are jobless because of the computerization in corporations, and Vonnegut blames American scientists and technologists for this. 4. Only those who still have manual labor to perform are truly happy. II. Vonnegut has a deep hatred of corporate insensitivity. A. Vonneguts job at General Electric provided him with much material for his novels1. He saw a computer-operated milling machine while he worked at G. E. a. It made perfect sense to have a little box make the decisions. b. He hated the idea though because it was hurting the humans who get dignity from their jobs. 2. His brush with science at G. E. instilled in him a profound dislike of technology. 3. While at G. E. he found profit motives couched in sentimental tributes to pure science and individual freedom being sacrificed for personal advancement. 4. He also noticed how technology was developed in a moral vacuum. 5. He eventually quit his job there to write a novel about people and machines. B. Kurt Vonnegut despises any institution that dehumanizes men and considers him a mere number and not a human being. 1. Too many corporations and business view us as big parts of one animal. a. We are actually separate universes. b. Each universe has its own way of ignoring celebrating or fending of technology. 2. Vonnegut is annoyed at the trend towards the submergence of the individual into a collective state. III. Technology is portrayed as the villain in Kurt Vonneguts writing. A. In Player Piano machines have replaced most of the jobs of humans. 1. The humans prove to be dispensable in a fully automated society. 2. Companies have been computerized so much that the factories are staffed by a handful of men. 3. He foreshadows the mechanical millenium and the bleak future for humans because of the computerization. B. Vonnegut warns us of the bleak future that lies ahead due to the advancement of technology. 1. He hints that we, like the dinosaur and the saber-toothed tiger will face extinction. 2. Humanity is competing with the machines for survival. 3. In Cats Cradle the creation of the ice-nine finishes the destruction of the world that began with the atomic bomb. a. Kurt blames this destruction on the fact that the man who discovered ice-nine never picked up a novel or short story to read. b. Vonnegut says in the novel without literature a person dies either of putrescence of the heart or atrophy of the nervous system. The role of science and technology in Kurt Vonneguts writingKurt Vonnegut has a great awareness of the destructive social impact of science and technology. Contraptions that Vonnegut calls social transplants replace the awful real relatives and friends with synthetic ones. Recordings, radio and television are just a few of these devices. They made it possible to bring those synthetic relatives and friends right into your home and replace those friends and relatives who are a royal pain in the neck with a better class of people. He also believes that computers minimize human contact even better than televisions and compact disc players with headphones did (Vonnegut 266). In fact, Vonneguts least favorite technology is the computer. He believes it is a nervous system outside of our own and it has deprived humans of the experience of becoming. All they have to do now is wait for the next program from Microsoft (Pickering 24). Even films, books and plays show us people talking much more entertainingly than people really talk. While singers and musicians show us humans making sounds far lovelier than humans really make (Skaw 568). All of these technological developments have decreased the amount of contact we have with other humans. The first of these transplants took place in the 4th century before Christ. Audiences accepted attractive people who memorized interesting things to say on stage as genuine relatives and friends (Vonnegut 266). We no longer have a need to make conversation with our dreadful real family and friends, not when we have all of these technological and entertaining transplanted friends and family. Vonnegut believes contemporary society is lonely because we have alienated ourselves from each other because of all of the technology in our world. Throughout his many writings Vonnegut shows his fascination with the way technology changes the social environment (Lundquist 88). He never abandons his theme of hatred for science and technology and its social impact on society. Vonnegut also believes that we no longer have developed imaginations because of destructive technological developments. We are not born with an imagination; teachers and parents help us to develop it. Imagination was once very important because it was your major source of entertainment. The imagination circuit is built in your head. People can read a book and envision it in their mind. However, this is no longer necessary. Now there are shows, actors, and movies that show us the story instead of letting us use our imagination to envision it. We do not need imagination just like we do not need to know how to ride horses in our society. We have cars that can go much faster than horses so why learn how to ride one? This question can be applied to imagination. Why unleash your imagination to envision an unknown world in a book when you have movies and actors that do it for you? Those who have imagination can look into a face and see the stories there to everyone else, a face will be just a face. Science and technology has denied us our imaginations (Freedman 2). In a technologically advanced society, we no longer need it. Vonnegut knows that science and technology have changed America and society tremendously over the years. Technology and salesmanship have raped and stripped the land and divested the people of pride, leaving them ridiculous mechanical men and women. As a result, The American dream of a new Eden with a new Adam, possible in the virgin wilderness of a new land, has materialized into a junkyard by way of the glories of technology (Schulz 348). As Vonnegut sketches his settings, American ghosts haunt them: coastal Indians, whalers, Iroquois tribes, Erie canalmen, and pioneers. All of these people exemplify the American dream and all of these people were destroyed by technology (Uphaus 466). Peopl e of the contemporary society are no longer the hard workers they used to be because machines do their jobs for them. We dont need to work as hard as the Indians, canalmen, pioneers, and whalers. Machines do our jobs for us; all we need to know how to do is push a few buttons. Many Americans are jobless because of the computerization in corporations, and Vonnegut blames American scientists and technologists for this (Uphaus 466). Technology is so destructive that it has taken our jobs away from us and takes away our pride. He believes that only those who still have manual labor to perform are truly happy. He shows this belief in his stories, if he ever were to write a sentimental novel with a conventional happy ending the hero almost certainly will be wearing a blue collar. In his novel, Player Piano, the people who still have manual labor to do are the happiest. Science and technology hasnt affected these people; they still have a job to perform. Kurt Vonnegut is not only aware of the destructive social impact of science and technology; he tries to make you aware of it through his writing. Technology is the villain in his writings because of this awareness. He knows its ability to destroy society and he tries to make you aware of it. Accomplishing what few other writers dare to attempt, he makes Americans see themselves (Kosek 570). Vonnegut has put his finger on an essential problem of our times (Hicks 451). Science and technology has destroyed communication between family members, our ability to use our imagination and has even destroyed the American dream. Kurt Vonnegut has a deep hatred of corporate insensitivity. This hatred stems from a job Vonnegut once held at General Electric in Schenectady, NY. He worked in public relations as an official. His job, the General Electric plant and the town would provide with an abundance of material for his novels. His experiences in the corporate world reappear throughout his novels. While working at G. E. he noticed a computer-operated milling machine. His novel Player Piano was his response to the implication of everything having run by little boxes. It made perfect sense to have the box make the decisions. This would cut down on human error and increase production. But it was too bad for the humans who get dignity from their jobs. The corporation did not care though; they benefit from the computer-operated machine and as long as they are making more money, they are not concerned with the human who they put out of employment (Lundquist 88). His brush with science at G. E. instilled in him a profound dislike of technology (Goldsmith Introduction). In the corporate world, he hated how machines were replacing humans and no one but the people who were losing their jobs cared. While working at General Electric he found profit motives couched in sentimental tributes to pure science and individual freedom was sacrificed for personal advancement. He also noticed how technology was developed in a mora l vacuum. All of these things he noticed through his work and contributed to his hatred of the insensitivity of the corporate world (Giannone 6). He eventually quit his job at G. E. to write a novel about people and machines. Also, he deeply despises any institution, be it scientific, religious, or political that dehumanizes men and considers him a mere number and not a human being (Schatt 348). In many novels he portrays society as a group of stupid, unthinking sheep. He does this because he believes this is how institutions and insensitive corporations view society. Too many corporations view us as parts of one big animal. However, we are separate universes each with its own way of ignoring, celebrating or fending off the effects of technology. Too many corporations view their employees as a group. They are too insensitive to care that they are individual people. His hatred of corporate insensitivity contributes to technology being the villain in his writing. From his experiences, Vonnegut knows that feelings get in the way of progress (Giannone 14). Corporations use this policy; they automate everything they possibly can. He is annoyed by the trend toward automation and the submergence of the individual into a collective state.Corporations do both of these things and that is why they are insensitive. They do not care about the individual employee and they do not care about the dignity the employee gets from completing his job. All of these things contribute to technology being the villain in his writing. His experiences with insensitive corporations have made him hate technology and automation. Therefore, Kurt Vonnegut portrays technology as the villain. In Kurt Vonneguts writing, technology is often the villain. In his novel, Player Piano machines have replaced most of the jobs of humans. Machines replace manual labor and computers have taken over most of the supervision of the machines. The factory is then staffed by a handful of men (Reed 25). Business a nd industry have discovered that they could function more efficiently without inefficient people. As a result, society is almost fully automated with the exceptions of a few jobs computers could not take over, barbering and bartending, because attempts to automate them had failed. The smarter you are in this society the better you are. The computer in this novel, EPICAC XIV, annihilates whatever impedes its efficiency. If you get in the way the machine wipes you out. He portrays technology in a disturbing way in this book. He describes the future as bleak because companies will have computerized successfully. Most everybody will be put out of jobs because of computerization. He writes of the mechanical millenium to come (Klinkowitz 348). Technology is obviously the villain in this novel. Technology has taken over the companies due to corporate insensitivity and society is destroyed because of it. He rails against the mechanization of man in this novel. Other writers may choose to ig nore the technological infringement upon our lives and grope for the cause of the dismay in the lives of their characters, Vonnegut knows the cause and he portrays it as the villain. He constantly warns of the bleak future due to the advancement of technology. He hints that humanity, like the dinosaur and the saber-toothed tiger, face extinction. Humanity is clearly competing with the machines for survival. In Cats Cradle, the creation of the ice-nine finishes the destruction of the world that began with the atomic bomb. He blames this destruction on the fact that the man who discovered ice-nine never picked up a novel or short story to read. He lived in a technological world where reading was not important. Vonnegut believes, Without literature a person dies of either putrescence of the heart of atrophy of the nervous system (Giannone 124). The society has been destroyed by technology so the scientist never experiences reading. Vonnegut suggests that if he had, he may not have deve loped the ice-nine and technology would not have destroyed the world. Technology is the common villain in Kurt Vonneguts writing because he deeply believes it will eventually do away with humans and destroy the world. Works CitedFreedman, David H. ; Schafer, Sarah. Vonnegut and Clancy on Technology. Technology Nov 95: 63Gionne, Richard. Vonnegut: A Preface to His Novels. NY: Kennikat Press, 1977. The dissolution of the manasteries EssayGoldsmith, David H. Kurt Vonnegut Fantasist of Fire and Ice. Ohio: Bowling Green University Poplar Press, 1972. Klinkowitz, Jerome. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. and the Crime of His Times. Rpt. In Contemporary Literary Criticism Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 348. Lundquist, James. Kurt Vonnegut. New York: Fredrick Ungar Publishing Co., Inc., 1977. Pickering, Carol. Shelflife. Forbes 6 April, 1998: 24Reed, Peter J. Writers for the Seventies: Kurt Vonnegut Jr. New York: Warner Paperback Library, 1972. Schatt, Stanley. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1976. Schatt, Stanley. The World of Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed.Carolyn Riley. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 348. Schulz, Max F. The Unconfirmed Thesis: Kurt Vonnegut, Black Humor, and Contemporary Art. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 347-348. Vonnegut, Kurt. Technology and Civilization. Forbes 30 November, 1998: 266

Acute Respiratory Tract Infections Biology Essay Example For Students

Acute Respiratory Tract Infections Biology Essay Acute respiratory piece of land infections play a major function in hospitalizations of kids, and respiratory syncytial virus is good recognized as the most of import pathogen doing ARTI.Objectives: This survey aimed to measure epidemiological and clinical forms of RSV infection in kids hospitalized for lower ARTI in Ahvaz, Iran. Patient and Methods: Respiratory specimens collected from 100 kids with lower ARTI from October 2008 until the terminal of April 2009, were screened for RSV utilizing real-time rearward transcription-polymerase concatenation reaction ( RT-PCR ) . Consequences: During the survey period, 9 kids had a positive consequence for RSV infection. The average age of these patients was 10 months. Bronchiolitis was the clinical diagnosing of patients with RSV infections. All of these patients were less than 24 months. Cough ( 77.7 % ) and chest wall abjuration ( 100 % ) were the taking symptoms and marks respectively.Conclusions: This survey indicates that RSV is an of import cause of respiratory tract infection in babies less than 2 old ages old. RT-PCR offers a rapid method for common respiratory viruses. Cardinal words: Children, lower respiratory tract infection, Respiratory syncytial virus, Rt-PCR. 3 1.Background Acute respiratory piece of land infections ( ARTIs ) are a prima cause of hospitalization and mortality in kids less than 5 old ages of age and stand for a considerable wellness job in the universe. ( 1 ) Viruss, including respiratory syncytial virus ( RSV ) , metapneumovirus, influenza A and B, parainfluenza and adenovirus are the most common aetiologic agents for childhood acute respiratory piece of land unwellness. ( 2 ) Among viral causes of acute respiratory piece of land infections, RSV has a important function. Human respiratory syncytial virus is an enveloped, single-stranded ; negative- sense RNA virus of the genus Pneumovirus.The extremum incidence of the RSV infections is between the 2nd and six month of age. It can do important morbidity from upper respiratory infections, acute bronchiolitis, and bronchial pneumonia to apnea in kids. ( 3, 4 ) In hospitalized kids, RSV infections occur at greater frequence than other viral infections of the lower respiratory piece of land. It is identified as the etiologic agent in 60-90 % of the patients with bronchiolitis and in 25-50 % of the pneumonia. ( 5, 6 ) In temperate states, RSV eruptions have a defined seasonality, happening chiefly autumn and winter while in tropical and semi-tropical states, it chiefly peaks during the rainy season. ( 7, 8 ) In add-on to conventional viral civilization techniques and serology, a late described advanced, polymerase concatenation reaction ( PCR ) for the diagnosing of respiratory viral infections has besides been shown to be utile because it offers an enhanced sensitiveness combined with rapid sensing. Even if certain viruses such as RSV can be grown in cell civilizations, this method is non 4 wholly dependable and many scientists have begun to utilize real-time polymerase concatenation reaction RT-PCR to place infections. ( 9,10 ) Information on the epidemiology of RSV infections in developing states are still limited. The most of these surveies have non used extremely sensitive molecular techniques such as ( RT-PCR ) . ( 11-13 ) 2.Objectives The intent of this survey was to supply informations about the sensing of RSV by RT-PCR in hospitalized kids up to age of five old ages in Ahvaz, Iran. 3.Patients and Methods The survey population consisted of kids less than 5 twelvemonth of age, admitted in the Aboozar kids s infirmary with lower respiratory tract infections ( LRTI ) . It was designed to inscribe topics from the beginning of October 2008 until the terminal of April 2009.Newborn babies less than 28 yearss were excluded.LRTI were categorized on the footing of clinical and roentgenographic findings as pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Bronchiolitis was defined as an acute respiratory unwellness characterized by rhinorrhea, cough, and dyspnoea and diffuses wheezing, with peribronchial thickener and hyperexpansion on thorax radiogram if available. Pneumonia was defined as dyspnoea in a patient with focal rattles or decreased eupneic sounds and the presence of a focal infiltrate and/ or consolidation on thorax radiograph.5 During hospitalization, the kids s marks and symptoms were obtained by a reappraisal of medical charts. This information was reviewed and entered into a database. Informed consent was Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson EssayOther surveies from Iran have showed incidences of RSV infection 12.9 % , 15 % , 16.8 % in instances of LRTI and all of these studies are from temperate parts. ( 20-22 ) The difference of RSV epidemiology in the universe may be related to differences in clime conditions, in environmental factors and in badness of its epidemics from one twelvemonth to another. ( 10 ) It has reported negative correlativities between higher monthly mean temperature and RSV infection in tropical parts. 21 Ahvaz is in the sou-west of Iran and has fall-winter seasons characterized by comparatively warm non prefering the endurance and the spreading of RSV.8 Studies have shown that some paediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection become infected at the same time with multiple respiratory viruses. Dan peng et Al suggests that there is a high happening of multipathogen infections in kids admitted withacute respiratory piece of land infections and that coinfection is associated with certain pathogens. In this survey RSV was detected in merely 5.7 % of instances. ( 23 ) In add-on, Arabpour et al reported high prevalence ( 54.4 % ) of Human metapneumovirus ( hMPV ) , among Ahvazian kids with respiratory piece of land infections. This survey showed the likely function of hMPV as an of import causative agent of acute respiratory piece of land infections in this country. ( 24 ) In our study, there was a somewhat higher incidence of RSV infection in males ( 1.3:1 ) .This consequence was consistent with other surveies. Sangar et al suggested that being female was protective against RSV hospitalization. ( 25,26 ) In this survey all of the kids that tested positive for RSV had bronchiolitis and the highest figure of positive samples for RSV is in the patients less than 1 year.This inclination toward younger age in RSV infections has been reported in other reported informations. ( 27,28 ) The clinical characteristics of kids with RSV positive samples observed in our survey were similar to those of old studies. ( 14, 15 ) There were two major restrictions in our survey. One of our restriction is though some kids presented the standards for inclusion in this survey, samples from 100 patients were collected, due to the bound established for processing and storage of samples. The 2nd restriction is we did non look into out all of the respiratory viral agents in our patients. It seems in 9 our geographic place and clime state of affairs the other viruses like hMPV have an of import function in LRTI in children.Infections with respiratory viruses are a common cause of morbidity and mortality around the universe. A better apprehension of the epidemiology of respiratory viral infections may be used for seasonably, specific antiviral therapy, prophylaxis, and inoculation. Future prospective surveillance over an drawn-out period in this part is needed to accurately place the epidemiology of viruses.

The Five-Paragraph Essay Sample With MLA or APA Standards

The Five-Paragraph Essay Sample With MLA or APA StandardsMany people want to submit their written essays to popular e-mail services such as MSN, Yahoo and AOL for review. The problem is that most of these services do not accept the five-paragraph essay sample with MLA or APA standards. This is the reason why most of these services fail to get a good response from writers who write regular essays for publication.The problem is that most students tend to avoid college assignments for fear of having a difficult time in taking assignments due to the difficulty in writing on a certain topic. This leads them to not give high grades to the college assignments as this would not be relevant in their personal lives. However, if you are determined to write a good essay for a college exam, then here are some tips that can help you succeed in writing a well-written essay:* Do not be too eager to put the information into words when writing an essay. In fact, students tend to give too much importan ce to the use of writing skills when writing an essay as they tend to consider that an essay which they write would reflect their true thoughts.The only thing that students consider is the quality of the writing when they put life experiences in writing as essays. However, they rarely concentrate on the content of the essay and think that the mere fact that the essay was written using style would make it a good essay.However, it is the content that would determine whether the essay will be written by a good writer or not. So, students should consider their writing skills while writing essays instead of just applying all the hype about what will be the best essay for a college application.* Remember that writing a good essay takes time. If you are feeling overwhelmed and stressed out by the prospect of writing a great essay, then perhaps it is time to reflect on why you started writing a good essay in the first place.Start by looking at the length of your writing; make sure that it d oes not consume more than two pages. Next, look at your personal needs; if you are struggling with learning a new language, then maybe you need to learn a new word. Finally, make sure that you are not doing more than one hundred or so words per paragraph.

In What Ways Does Frankenstein Complicate the Romanticist Essay Example

In What Ways Does Frankenstein Complicate the Romanticist Paper Romanticist Conceptions of Creativity and Individualism? Make Reference to Frankincense and at Least One Other Romanticist Text. By caliph In what ways does Frankincense complicate the Romanticist conceptions of creativity and Individualism? Make reference to Frankincense and at least one other Romanticist text. Mary Shelley novel, Frankincense, complies with all the fundamental principles associated with Romanticism; use of the supernatural and sublime, especially with regards for nature, thus leading to pantheism, compassion and a sense of morality awards humankind, Individual freedom and rebellion against contextual societal constraints. Shelley, however, defies the Romantic principle of Individual creativity, evident from the constant references to authentic Romantic works such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (which will be referred to as The Rime throughout this essay) and the works of William Wordsmith. At the start of his Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsmith asserts, Those thoughts and feelings which, by his own choice, or from the structure of his own mind, arise In IM without Immediate external excitement. (Wordsmith, W. (1800). Preface to Lyrical Ballads (2nd deed. )) Wordsmith then, is implying that Romantic texts were the sole creation of their author; spawned from an emotive response to a memory or observation and nurtured to become a fully fledged, legitimate piece of authorship. We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways Does Frankenstein Complicate the Romanticist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways Does Frankenstein Complicate the Romanticist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways Does Frankenstein Complicate the Romanticist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Shelley however, defies Wordsmiths theories on creativity, by building her story around existing texts. It Is of importance to note that Frankincense follows a very similar story to The Rime, In that It tells the tale of an essentially virtuous person who omits what Is seen by society as a sin, and Is therefore forced to endure a period of suffering and torment until they can repent for their sins. In effect, both texts depict a moral journey involving duality of the human psyche, with the sinners having to weigh up both halves of their conscience. As such, it is suspicious to say the least, that Shelley references The Rime several times throughout the novel, I am going to unexplored regions, to the land of mist and snow; but I shall kill no albatross. (Shelley, M. (1818). Frankincense. United States of America: Norton). Shelley obviously was familiar with the work of Coleridge and therefore It would seem logical to conclude that she borrowed the idea for the basic story from The Rime, thereby making it obvious that she did not remain aligned to the fundamental principle of individual creativity. Furthermore, the character of Dry. Frankincense can be compared to Shelley herself when studying the creative aspects of Frankincense. It can be said that the two In fact Inlet can toners role In society contextual to ten early Tint century, As Violator moves into the female space of the womb, an act of creation aped by the Gods in hydrology and religion, Mary Shelley as author moves into the male domain of art, aping the creative power of the Gods. (Bush, R. (1996 2003). The deification of creativity in relation to Frankincense. Retrieved December 2007, from http:// www. Middlebrow. Com/marshes/bush. SHTML). This reversal of roles is, from one respect, remaining in accord with Romantic ideologies in that one fundamental principle of Romanticism is a struggle for freedom and a rebellion against societal constraints. Mary Shelley stays true to that aim by usurping stereotypical gender oleos. However, Shelley reversal of roles is a contradiction with Hardworking Romanticism because, according to Wordsmith, authorship is a field which should be left entirely to men, To whom does he address himself? And what language is to be expected from him? (Wordsmith, W. (1800). Preface to Lyrical Ballads (2nd deed. )). Here Wordsmith is referring to the collective poet, and it is clear from his use of the male personal pronoun that he believed authorship is a masculine occupation. Further in keeping with Romantic dogma, Shelley uses the art of creativity imbibed with the archetypal Hardworking idea of using memories and the imagination, in order to conform with Romanticism by creating supernatural and sublime landscapes, We perceived that the valley through which we wound Loses in upon us by degrees; and when the sun had set, we beheld immense mountains and precipices overhanging us on every side, and heard the sound of the river raging among the rocks, and the dashing of waterfalls around. (Shelley, M. (1818). Frankincense. United States of America: Norton). This passage depicts the sublime landscapes surrounding the valley of Champions. Shelley had been there previously and as such, was able to call upon memories for creative inspiration. This type of creativity is also upheld by Wordsmith, For our continued influxes of feeling are modified and directed by our thoughts, which are indeed the representatives of all our past feelings. (Wordsmith, W. (1800). Preface to Lyrical Ballads (2nd deed. )). It would appear therefore, that Shelley is keeping Romantic conceptions of creativity quite uncomplicated by adopting a creative process with which people were familiar. However, the above quoted passage contains a lot of negative description with geared to the appearance of the valley. Words like closed in, raging and dashing give rise to an image unlike the usual perceptions when the word nature is considered. Interestingly, this idea is also adopted by Coleridge in The Rime, Mea, slimy things did crawl with legs/Upon the slimy sea. /About, about, in reel and rout/ The death-fires danced at night ;/The water, like a witchs oils,/Burnt green, and blue and white. (Coleridge, S. T. (1857). The Rime of the Ancient Mariner). This technique incorporates another Romantic principle, pantheism. Since the two characters who are narrating these passages (Dry. Frankincense in Frankincense and the Mariner in The Rime) have committed sins against humanity, they are punished by not being able to appreciate the beauty of nature and thereby becoming detached from God, hence the sublime becomes a useful alternative because, synonymous with Burkes theories, the sublime invokes negative emotions in those who behold it. The subtitle of Shelley novel, Or the Modern Prometheus, offers wide scope for speculation as to the nature of Shelley use of the Prometheus myth. On the one nana, It can De valley Tanat Snell NAS gall Drowned ten DSSSL story Trot another tutor and twisted it to make it her own, thus defying Romantic conceptions. However, it could be argued that Shelley is in fact demonstrating her creative individualism by re-examining and emphasizing an aspect of the Prometheus myth which was often neglected; the need of a child to be nurtured so that it might become virtuous, for without an affectionate upbringing in harmony with nature, humans can, as Rousseau theorists, become corrupted. Furthermore, Shelley use of the Prometheus myth contributes to her own complication of individual creativity. If she is taking Prometheus to be the archetypal orator, working autonomously to create a masterpiece, then she has offered a direct contradiction to her own efforts. Shelley can be seen to be promoting an attack on Promethean Romanticism, as Hardworking Romanticism would be, by her creation of a modern Prometheus, Dry. Frankincense. He in some respects represents Shelley in that he usurps societal constraints by creating a masculine womb, much like Shelley usurps Romantic conventions, firstly because she is a female author and secondly, because she defies simple principles of Romanticism by displaying intellectuality within the creation of her novel. With regards to individualism, perhaps it is the character of Dry. Frankincense who inhibits the most individualistic traits. In his exploits, moving away from his family and practically disassociating himself with society whilst in Inconstant, he demonstrates the disastrous consequences of what too much individualism can do. With absolutely no compassion for humanity, he creates and unleashes his monster, who is to perform the most atrocious acts of inhumanity. Frankincenses ultimate and most dangerous freedom lies in that he is free to consider only his own ambition, (Kale, R. Frankincense: A Warning Against Masculine Individualistic Freedom. Retrieved December 2007 from http://www. Alberta. Ca/?administrable/ Commentaries/Chalked. HTML) and it is this ambition which eventually causes his moral dilemma; whether he should recognize his duties towards society and nurture the Monster as a son or ignore his own progeny and essentially corrupt it. This extreme individualism contradicts the ideal individualism associated with Romanticism; perhaps spending too much time alone without human interaction, or interaction from other authors in the case of Shelley, will result in a disregard for what is morally erect. Shelley text seems to thrive off the influential texts attributed to its creation, and in fact Shelley expresses the possibility that authors can be used to educate and further somebody talent with the Monsters self education using a copy of Millions Paradise Lost, which he found in a bag, But Paradise Lost excited different and far deeper emotions T moved every feeling of wonder and awe. (Frankincense. Page 87). Here, Shelley is likening reading a fantastic work of literature to the Hardworking descriptions of dreams and memories. As such, it is fair to say that Shelley creates a lace in the creation of a novel for intellectuality, which appears as important as the authors own experiences and imagination. Individuality , it seems, is less important to Shelley than it is to traditional Romanticists and she therefore complicates the principles of Romanticism once more; taking attitudes towards one subject, dreams, and applying them to a different subject, literature. 0 conclude, senseless tattletales towards Romantic conceptions AT Multilingualism Ana creativity, whilst contradicting the fundamental principles of the two ideas, also helped to make Frankincense an everlasting Romantic masterpiece. Whilst defying one principle, she simultaneously complied with another, disregard for societal constraints and a struggle for freedom. Therefore she played off two major Romantic themes against one another. Through her novel, she was able to successfully demonstrate the importance of intellectuality alongside that of the authors own imagination, be it conscious or unconscious (dreaming). There mere fact that the basis for the Frankincense story came to her in a dream, during a period of bad weather, is evidence to support her belief that dreams and experiences are a key aspect to writing a praiseworthy work of literature, since she included these occurrences within the novel. It is fair to assert that Frankincense does not so much complicate Romanticist conventions of individualism and creativity as build upon the foundations set down by preceding literary texts. The constant references to other texts is emphatic of the observation that Shelley does not claim all the ideas in the novel to be her own, but draws upon their finer points and deeper philosophical meanings. This point is in fact laid out in writing within the novel, The opinions which naturally spring from the character and situation of the hero are by no means to be conceived as existing always in my own conviction; nor is any interference Justly to be drawn from the following pages as prejudicing any philosophical doctrine of whatever kind. (Frankincense. Page 6). This extract from the preface supports the claim that Shelley did not adopt other authors ideas as her own and she did not favor any particular ethics when it came to writing her novel. Shelley has, in the creation of this fantastic work of literature, created a different branch of Romanticism to that adhered to by Wordsmith.

History of leisure services essays

History of leisure services essays Early 1900s- In the book they talk about the significant development of settlement house movement. During this period of time two of the most remarkable women started the most famous American Settlement House which was called the Chicagos Hull House. In 1912, as a result of these efforts a National Childrens Bureau was started. 1930s- In the article I found that in the 1930s the basic foundation of Americas current social welfare system was set during the New Deal era. The Great Depression was taking place so a New Deal system of social welfare aid was created. Within the system there were three principle programs: Old Age Pensions, Unemployment insurance, and Needs tested cash assistance. 1950s- In the book I found that the Russians successfully launched Sputnik, the first artificial Earth satellite in to orbit. The goal that they wanted to become of this was to identify young people who could be guided into studying mathematics and sciences in preparation for careers in the space program. The National Defense Education Act was a landmark in establishing vocational and school guidance programs. 1960s- In the article I found The United States emerged from the Second World War wait ha social welfare system which retained many of the features of the pre-New Deal era. The system remained characterized by Patchy Coverage, Limited Funding, and State, local government dominance, and educational salience. In the book it talked about how there was an increased emphasis on mental health care, proliferation of social service agencies, an ongoing shift to community based services, and a greater demand for more highly trained professionals. These things all played a major part in the emergence in the human services field. The National Institute of Mental Health received a grant that to support the proposal of to develop a h ...

Guidelines for Risk Assessment Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Guidelines for Risk Assessment - Research Paper Example The result will be the ability to proceed into a business that can expand and overcome dangers of the business without accruing loss in the company. Since Cisco is a security based company for technology, most of the tangible risks are based on the ability to match security threats that occur through technological components. Security vulnerabilities that come from those that are attacking online portals are some of the strongest risks that are incorporated into the company. IT organizations and technological components are both at a risk because of specific technology architectures as well as the main way in which the hardware and software performs. This ranges by the method of attack that occurs on the system, usually which includes new and improved methods that can overcome older attacks while causing damage to the company’s technological components. This is furthered by day zero threats, which include changes in technology that enhance the attacks on technology without responses that can be completed by corporations (Bharania, 2010). The security vulnerabilities through technological attacks are not the only tangible problem within the corporation. There are also other problems that lie within the internal environment of the company, specifically through employee mistakes and unknown factors. Working in the IT industry is also dependent on innovations and new components that can be added into systems for implementation. AS this is done, it increases the amount of risk in the market. Even though there are end to end strategies, meaning that employees have to move through several levels before completing a product, there are still problems that may reach end users. The security, development and innovations that are completed will then have fewer demands and will cause the company to move into a lower rating with offering new securities. Since Cisco is known as a service provider

Environmental Sustainability in the Construction Sector Term Paper

Environmental Sustainability in the Construction Sector - Term Paper Example EIA also refers to the study of the impacts of a proposed projects, plans or programs on the environment. It assesses the possible positive and negative impacts that a proposed project may have on the environment. It consists of the natural, social and economic aspects. The purpose of EIA is to ensure that decision makers consider the ensuing environmental impacts when deciding whether to proceed with a project (ecolink.co.ke). The USA first introduced EAI under the Environmental Policy Act (1969). Since then it has evolved and a variety of offshoot assessment techniques have emerged acting as a broader impact assessment toolkit (International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). The main focus is on social, environmental health, biodiversity and cumulative effects and risks. This initiative by the USA motivated many countries to initiate formal EAI systems with legislations and regulations. The EAI systems served as a guide as to when an environmental assessment was requisite, and for what kind of projects. EAI plays major roles as far as environmental sustainability is concerned. It serves as a deterrent measure to adverse projects and at the same time a development tool for beneficial projects. The major roles of EAI are environmental sustainability, policy development, planning, investment, monitoring and assessment as discussed below. Environmental sustainability refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987). EAI guarantees protection and preservation of the environment and natural resources including human health aspects against uncontrolled development. This is meant to ensure a sustainable economic development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to sustain themselves (Guidelines of Principles and